P+The+Forgotten+Prime+Ministers

Joe Clark, John Turner and Kim Campbell are considered Canada's Forgotten Prime Ministers. Our video shows a brief biography about how they came to be a Prime Minister and what happened in cabinet to give all three of them that title. The Video also consists of certain facts pretaining to Joe Clark, John Turner, and Kim Campbell.
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The Forgotten Prime Ministers (video) The Forgotten Prime Ministers (powerpoint) Joe Clark John Turner Kim Campbell Video Clips Resources

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 * __Joe Clark__**

//In office from June 4, 1979 - March 3, 1980//

Such a modest, straightforward approach is unusual in politics, but entirely characteristic of Joe Clark. Hard work at the grassroots of the Conservative party led him to become its leader and prime minister of Canada. Charles Joseph Clark was born in High River, Alberta in 1939, the son of a newspaper owner and editor. He began in journalism at a young age, delivering his father's High River Times, editing the high school newspaper and working as a sports writer for the Calgary Herald one summer. But politics soon proved to be a greater passion than journalism. At the University of Alberta he studied history, English and political science. Active in student politics, Clark's first taste of professional politics came in 1958 when he worked for Alan Lazerte, who was campaigning for leadership of the Alberta Progressive Conservative party. In 1962, he worked for Diefenbaker's election campaign. Clark's political activities carried on; he served as President of the Progressive Conservative Student Federation, as well as working for Davie Fulton in the B.C. election in 1963. The following year, Clark began an M.A. in political science at the University of Alberta, but was soon working for Peter Lougheed, the new provincial leader of the Conservatives. By this time, Clark's election experience was considerable and he was a key organizer in communications as well as contributing significantly to policy and strategy. Clark himself ran in the provincial election in 1967, for Calgary South. Held by the Social Credit Speaker of the legislature, it was a "suicide" seat, but Clark came within 462 votes of winning. Davie Fulton's federal leadership bid was Clark's next project. Fulton lost, but Clark was invited to work for the winner, Robert Stanfield. By 1971, Clark was back in Alberta trying to finish his M.A. but was again enticed by another political challenge: Conservative candidate for the federal riding of Rocky Mountain. He won the nomination and the Commons seat in 1972. In 1976, Clark entered the Conservative leadership race and won against political heavyweights such as Claude Wagner and Flora MacDonald. As Leader of the Opposition, he set about reuniting his party, badly split since the Diefenbaker years, and reorganizing its structure. Like the previous P.C. leader, Robert Stanfield, Clark found Trudeau's charismatic image a difficult one to counter. Nevertheless, in 1979, the Conservatives won a minority government, and at the age of thirty-nine, Clark became Canada's youngest prime minister. After the extravagant public spending of the Liberals, the Conservatives were intent on fiscal restraint and one of their first pieces of legislation was a stringent budget of program cuts and tax increases. The New Democratic party would not support it and Clark's government was defeated, just seven months after they were elected. The 1980 election returned Clark and his party to the Opposition. His major role here was delaying Trudeau's 1981 constitutional reforms until federal-provincial agreement and judicial review had been reached. He called for a convention and lost to Brian Mulroney. Despite the bitterness such a situation can create, Clark remained in the party as an M.P. and strove to preserve party unity. When the Conservatives returned to power in 1984, Clark was made Minister of External Affairs. After leaving politics in 1993, he took a teaching position at the University of California, and worked as a consultant. Clark re-entered the political fray in 1998, becoming leader of the Progressive Conservative party, a position he held until May 2003.


 * __John Turner__**

//In office from June 30, 1984 - September 17 1984//

John Napier Turner was born in 1929 in Richmond, Surrey, just outside of London, England Turner attended Ashbury College and St. Patrick's. The family moved west and Turner enrolled at the University of British Columbia. When he graduated in 1949, he won a Rhodes Scholarship, so he studied law at Oxford. Turner then went to Paris to work on a doctorate at the University of Paris. In 1953, he came back to Vancouver to study for the Canadian bar. Turner then moved to Montreal to work for Stikeman and Elliott. Turner enrolled into politics by Liberal Cabinet minister C.D. Howe. In 1957, Howe asked him to help in the election campaign. Three years later, Turner was invited to speak at a Liberal conference in Kingston. He was nominated as a candidate and won the election in June. Once in Ottawa, Turner joined a group of vocal young Liberals advocating reforms in party policy.The Media called them ‘The Young Turks" Despite his rebel stance, Turner joined Prime Minister Lester Pearson's Cabinet in 1965 as Minister without Portfolio. By 1967, he was Minister of the newly created portfolio of Consumer and Corporate Affairs. In 1968, Turner entered the leadership race, but lost to Pierre Trudeau. In the newly returned government, he was made Minister of Justice. After 4 years of his work he retired. In 1972, he became Minister of Finance. Because of the liberal minority government. Turner continued as Minister of Finance after the 1974 election, a position he was beginning to like less and less. He resigned as Finance Minister in 1975 and left politics the following year. He returned to law, joining the Toronto firm of McMillan Binch.

__**Kim Campbell**__

//In office from June 25, 1993 - November 4, 1993//

s a prospective Conservative leader and prime minister, Kim Campbell spoke of the "politics of inclusion," a style of government she had demonstrated as Minister of Justice, in hopes of persuading Canadians to vote Tory one more time. However, like other new prime ministers inheriting a long term of office, she was unable to shake off an unhappy legacy. As did Tupper, Meighen and Turner, Campbell led Canada for only a brief period before going down to electoral defeat. Avril Phaedra Douglas Campbell was born in Port Alberni, B.C., in 1947. Her parents moved to Vancouver soon after she was born, where her father studied law at the University of British Columbia. The marriage was not a happy one; her mother left the family when Campbell was only twelve years old. It was at this point that she changed her name to Kim. Despite the family distress, Campbell did well in high school and involved herself in politics at an early age, running for and winning the presidency of her student's council. Kim Campbell became the first female student president of Prince of Wales Secondary School. In 1964, she went to U.B.C. where she majored in political science. Here again, Campbell met with political success and was elected the first female freshman president. After graduation, she took some graduate courses at the Institute of International Relations, before winning a scholarship to the London School of Economics. At the L.S.E., Campbell began a doctorate in Soviet Studies. She returned to Vancouver in 1973, her thesis unfinished, and began lecturing part-time at U.B.C. and Vancouver Community College. In 1980, she returned to U.B.C. to study law, and at the same time, got involved in local politics. Campbell was elected to the Vancouver School Board and served for four years. Her platform of fiscal restraint caught the attention of the governing Social Credit party and she was asked to run as a Socred candidate in the 1984 provincial election. Although she lost the seat, Campbell was offered a job as a policy advisor to B.C. Socred Premier Bill Bennett the following year. When Bennett resigned in 1986, Campbell ran for provincial leader but lost to Bill Vander Zalm. In the election held that year, she won a seat in the legislature. Here she made her mark by publicly opposing the premier's restrictive stance on abortion. By 1988, Campbell was being wooed by the federal Conservative party. Their star B.C. Cabinet minister, Pat Carney, was retiring from politics and a candidate was needed for her seat in Vancouver Centre. Campbell agreed to run and won in the 1988 election. She was offered a junior Cabinet post in 1989 as Minister of State for Indian and Northern Affairs. The following year she became Canada's first female Justice Minister. It was here that she proved her mettle as a politician. Campbell introduced a bill amending the gun laws. In the wake of the 1989 Montreal massacre, she had to satisfy a widespread public outcry for more restrictive gun laws and get support for the legislation from a determined lobby of gun-owners within her own caucus. Campbell was also praised for Bill C-49 which was drafted when the Supreme Court struck down the 1983 "rape shield" law as unconstitutional. She made the unprecedented move of consulting with women's groups and law associations, as well as ministry officials, in drafting the new law. By focusing on the principle of consent, Bill C-49 remained constitutional and still protective of a victim's rights. It passed second reading in the Commons with a rare vote of unanimity by all three federal parties. In 1993, Campbell became Minister of National Defence and was immediately embroiled in the debate over the EH-101 helicopter contract and the deaths of four Somalis at the hands of Canadian paratroopers. By this time, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney had announced his retirement, and Campbell was encouraged to run for party leader. Her only strong competition was Jean Charest, and she won in a close contest at the convention in June. Kim Campbell became Canada's first female prime minister. However the Conservative mandate to govern had expired and Campbell had to call an election for October 1993. She was unable to overcome her party's nine-year legacy and bore the brunt of voters' dissatisfaction with free trade, the GST, the constitutional fiascos and the economic recession. The Conservatives suffered an extraordinary defeat, reduced to just two seats in the House of Commons. Campbell herself lost her Vancouver seat and retired from politics completely. She returned to academia, accepting a fellowship at Harvard.

__**Video Clips**__ http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-73-2149-13103/politics_economy/joe_clark/clip4 http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-73-2324-13534-10/on_this_day/politics_economy/twt http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-73-2084-12980/politics_economy/kim_campbell/clip6

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